Cadres for the tsar and the state (XVIII century)

Journal articles, Our Past

Recommended link to article:
Bartsits I.N., Krakovskiy K.P. , Cadres for the tsar and the state (XVIII century) // Public Administration,
2019, №5 (121)
, с. 112-118.

IGOR N. BARTSITSа
KONSTANTIN P. KRAKOVSKIYа

аRussian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration

DOI: 10.22394/2070-8378-2019-21-5-112-118

Abstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the formation of the system of educational institutions that trained civil servants of the Russian Empire in the 18th century. The implementation of global government reforms at the beginning of the 18th century required a large number of competent officials. They had to be prepared for the future profession. Established in 1687, the HellenicGreek Academy (in 1701 – Slavic-Latin, and in 1775 – Slavic-Greek-Latin) Academy in Moscow, being, in fact, an ecclesiastical educational institution, did not solve the problem of training personnel for public administration. Peter I outlined the need for special training for officials. He saw the prospect of developing the cadre of the state apparatus in filling it with educated noblemen, and they were to be trained, first of all, by the central institutions themselves: the Senate, the most important colleges and chancelleries. The idea of this was contained in the General Regulations (1720), where there was an appeal to the nobility and petty official people to give their children in colleges and chancellery to study the science of order, and in the Table of Ranks (1722), which determined the order of training of noble young people, for which vacancies of the College-Junkers were opened in the institutions. The successors of Peter I, albeit with less enthusiasm, continued the work of the great reformer for the training of the nobility, who mandatorily were fallen into the rows of military and civil ranks. In connection with the establishment of the Imperial Moscow University in 1755, an unexpected conflict arose between the duty of the nobility to serve and receive education. The prospects of the civil service, in contrast to the ‘hardships and deprivations of military service’, led to great interest of noble youth to it.

Keywords:
public service, educational reforms, training for public administration, St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Land gentry cadet corps, Junker School under the Senate, Imperial Moscow University

Received:
October 28, 2019

References:
Bezrodnyi A.V. On the preparation of experienced and educated figures for public service. Zhurnal Ministerstva Yustitsii. 1903. № 9. P. 249–285. In Russian
Borozdin A.K. Academic University in the 18th Century. Istorichesky vestnik. 1886. Vol. 24. № 4. P. 120–133. In Russian
Desnitsky S.E. Legal reasoning about the benefits of knowledge of domestic law art and the need to renew it in state highly protected schools // Legal works of progressive Russian thinkers: the second half of the 18th century. M., 1959. P. 99–264. In Russian
Druzhinin P.A. Unknown letters of Russian writers to Prince Alexander Borisovich Kurakin (1752–1818). M., 2002. 504 p. In Russian
Fifty years of a special school for the education of military lawyers in Russia. St. Petersburg, 1882. 168 p. In Russian
Gauthier Y.V. History of regional administration in Russia from Peter I to Catherine II. Vol. 1. M., 1913. 472 p. In Russian
History of the Governing Senate for two hundred years. 1711–1911: In 5 vol. Vol. 2. St. Petersburg, 1911. 860 p. In Russian
Moroshkin F.L. On the participation of Moscow University in the formation of domestic jurisprudence. Uchenye zapiski Imperatorskogo Moskovskogo universiteta. 1834. № VIII. P. 205–255. In Russian
Pekarsky P.P. History of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. Vol. 1. St. Petersburg, 1870. 774 p. In Russian
Raeff M. Home, school, and service in the life of the 18th-century Russian nobleman. The Slavonic and East European Review. 1962. Vol. 40. Issue 95. P. 295–307. In English
Romanovich-Slavatinsky A.V. The nobility in Russia from the beginning of the XVIII century until the abolition of serfdom. St. Petersburg, 1870. 594 p. In Russian
Rozhdestvensky S.V. Essays on the history of public education systems in Russia in the 18th–19th centuries. Vol. 1. St. Petersburg, 1912. 680 p. In Russian
Tolstoy D.A. A look at the educational part in Russia in the 18th century until 1782. St. Petersburg, 1885.100 p. In Russian
Tomsinov V.A. Legal education and jurisprudence in Russia in the 18th century. M.: Zertsalo-M, 2010. 215 p. In Russian
Troitsky S.M. Russian absolutism and the nobility in the XVIII century. M.: Nauka, 1974. 395 p. In Russian

Articles in Open Access mode are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) license.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *